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Kinetics of drying and quality of the apple cultivars Granny Smith, Idared and Jonagold
Paunovi？ Dragana M.,Zlatkovi？ Branislav P.,Mirkovi？ Du？ica D.
Journal of Agricultural Sciences , 2010, DOI: 10.2298/jas1003261p
Abstract: Apple is nutritionally valuable and present as fresh fruit in human nutrition throughout the year. Also apple is a raw material in food processing, primarily in the production of juices, nectars, refreshing soft drinks, marmalades, jams, compotes, apple cider vinegar and dried fruits. In the last decade on the world market there is a great interest in dried apple products (commercially called apple chips). During preservation by drying the technological process aimed at the final product of optimal quality is required. The subject of this paper is the kinetics of the apple cv. Granny Smith, cv. Idared and cv. Jonagold drying in laboratory dehydrator for the purpose of pinpointing at which level of humidity the maximum speed of evaporation is achieved and at which level of humidity apple slices begin to change in colour and geometric shape. Parameters of the drying process were the same for all three cultivars, 3hrs at air temperature of 70oC and 5hrs at air temperature of 50o. The amount of evaporated water is expressed in relative and absolute units of measure. The purpose of this paper is to determine which one of the three tested cultivars provides the best properties for drying, i.e. in terms of oxidation of polyphenolic compounds to find the cultivar which will provide that the final product is technologically and organoleptically the most acceptable. The results showed that the sample cv. Granny Smith expressed the least oxidation of polyphenolic compounds (browning), curved edges and shrivelled apple slices. After that the sample cv. Jonagold followed. The sample cv. Idared showed the worst results. Following the drying kinetics of all three samples, it can be concluded that the cultivars Granny Smith and Jonagold were achieving the lower maximum speed of evaporation, unlike the cultivar Idared. The cultivars Granny Smith and Jonagold have attained consistent drying and in this way the technological process was finished with a smaller temperature stress for plant tissue, resulting in a much better quality of the final product.
Quality assessment of total parenteral nutrition admixtures by the use of fractional factorial design
Mirkovi？ Du？ica,Ibri？ Svetlana,Antunovi？ Mirjana
Vojnosanitetski Pregled , 2013, DOI: 10.2298/vsp1304374m
Abstract: Background/Aim. Parenteral nutrition as a specific aspect of providing nutritients still remains a permanent topic of both theoretical and experimental research. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) admixtures have complex contents making difficult to maintain their stability. The most critical parameter is the diameter of a lipid droplet, i.e. droplet size distribution. It is recommended that droplet size should not be more than 5
Stability investigation of total parenteral nutrition admixture prepared in a hospital pharmacy
Mirkovi？ Du？ica,Antunovi？ Mirjana,Puti？ Vesna,Aleksi？ Dragana
Vojnosanitetski Pregled , 2008, DOI: 10.2298/vsp0804286m
Abstract: Background/Aim. In the cases when nutrition of patients can not be orally nor enterally performed, parenteral nutrition is a method of the therapy that provides more successful and rapid recovery. In that way, hospitalization can be significantly shorter, healing costs reduced and mortality minimized. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) admixtures are the most complex systems which contain amino acids, carbohydrates, lipid emulsion, macroelectrolytes (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42-, PO43-), oligoelements, hydro- and liposoluble vitamines, heparin, insulin and water. Concerning the mentioned complexity, special attention should be payed to physicochemical and microbiological stability of a mixture, because of interactions among components, that can be very hard to analyze. The aim of this study was to investigate the problem of stability of TPN admixtures prepared in a hospital pharmacy. Methods. Admixture TPN was aseptically prepared in laminar air - flow environment on the basis of the specified order in supplementing components and additives to basic solutions. Solutions were kept in sterile multicompartment ethylene-vinyl-acetate bags. After preparation and slow homogenization, TPN admixtures were submitted to physicochemical and microbiological stability analyses in various period of time. The assessment of physical stability of TPN admixture was done on the basis of visual inspection, determination of pH value and measuring of particle size. The investigation of sterility and pyrogenic test were performed according to Ph. Yug. V regulations. Results. Physico-chemical and microbiological analyses were applied and no significant changes in visual sense, pH value and droplet size stability of the TPN admixture were observed during the period of 60 hours. The lipid droplets were smaller in size than 5 μm, that is the most common pharmacopoeia requirement. Conclusion. The results of our study confirmed that a TPN admixture prepared in a hospital pharmacy can be stored without stability loss for at least 60 hours.
Properties and synthesis of milrinone
Mirkovi？ Jelena M.,Mijin Du？an ？.,Petrovi？ Slobodan D.
Hemijska Industrija , 2013, DOI: 10.2298/hemind120410057m
Abstract: Milrinone, 1,6-dihydro-2-methyl-6-oxo-[3,4’-bipyridine]-5-carbonitrile, is a positive inotropic cardiotonic agent with vasodilator properties that acts as selective phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor in cardiac and vascular smooth muscle. Trade names of milrinone are Primacor, Corotrop, Corotrope, and Milrila. Milrinone, an amrinone derivative, is 20 to 50 times more active than amrinone and possesses reduced propensity to side effects. The use of milrinone has created controversy in the medical as the result of increased mortality rate among patients that received high amounts of milrinone in oral form. Reaserch show that it can be benifitial for patients with severe congestive heart failure when used as short-time intravenous therapy. Milrinone properties, stability, as well as mechanism of action and synthesis under laboratory and industry conditions have been described in this paper. For industrial purposes milrinone is synthesized by condensation of cyanoacetamide with 4-(dimethylamino)-3-(4-pyridinyl)-3-buten-2-one and 4-ethoxy-3-(4-pyridinyl)-3-buten-2-one in presence of a base, or by the reaction of 1-(4-pyridinyl)- 2-propanone with ethoxymethylenmalononitrile or 4-alkoxy-3-(4-pyridinyl)-3-buten-2-one with malononitrile without the use of external base. The starting compound for these syntheses is 4-picoline. Alternative synthesis of milrinone starts from 2-methyl-3-(4-pyridylidiene)-1,1,5-tricyano-1,4-pentadiene-5-carboxamide and 2-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-3,4’-bipyridine-5-carboxamide. Lastly, methods for milrinone synthesis in laboratory, injection preparation and purification have been summarized.
Azo-hydrazone tautomerism of aryl azo pyridone dyes
Mirkovi？ Jelena M.,U？？umli？ Gordana S.,Marinkovi？ Aleksandar D.,Mijin Du？an ？.
Hemijska Industrija , 2013, DOI: 10.2298/hemind120309053m
Abstract: In the last three or four decades disperse dyes derived from pyridones (in particular azo pyridone dyes) have gained in importance, and are widely used in various fields. These compounds have excellent coloration properties, and are suitable for the dyeing of polyester fabrics. Basic features of these dyes are simplicity of their synthesis by diazotation and azo coupling. They generally have high molar extinction coefficient with medium to high light and wet fastness. The absorption maxima of these dyes show their visible absorption wavelength ranging from yellow to orange, which can be attributed to poorly delocalized electrons in the pyridone ring. However, there are several dyes with deep colors such as red or violet. Pyridone dyes with alkyl and aryl groups in ortho position to azo group show 2-pyridone/2-hydroxypyridine tautomerism, while those containing OH and NHR groups conjugated with the azo group show azo-hydrazone tautomerism. Determining azo-hydrazone tautomerism could be therefore interesting, since the tautomers have different physico-chemical properties and most importantly different coloration. The literature on azo-hydrazone tautomerism, determination of equilibrium position, and investigation of substituent and solvent influence on tautomerism has been summarized in the presented review. The general conclusion is that the equilibrium between two tautomers is influenced by the structure of the compounds and by the solvents used. The tautomeric behavior patterns of the arylazo pyridone dyes in the reviewed literature has been studied using various instrumental techniques, including FT-IR, UV-vis, and NMR spectroscopy. The quantum chemical calculations related to the azo-hydrazon tautomerism have also been included. A large number of pyridone dyes exist in hydrazone form in solid state, while in solvents there is a mixture of tautomers. In addition, the X-ray single-crystal diffraction data analysis of some commercial pyridone dyes has been discussed concluding that they all crystallize in the hydrazone form.
Ste？ci u Op？ini ？itluk
Kora？, Dijana,Mirkovi？, Ru？ica
- , 2018,
Abstract: Sa？etak U radu se donose rezultati terenskoga istra？ivanja kojima se revidira broj srednjovjekovnih nadgrobnih spomenika - ste？aka na podru？ju Op？ine ？itluk. Ovi se rezultati uspore？uju s rezultatima dosada？njih istra？ivanja, pri ？emu su evidentne velike razlike u broju ste？aka, ali i zastupljenosti pojedinih oblika ste？aka. Osim toga, evidentirano je jo？ nekoliko lokaliteta sa ste？cima koji se u ovome radu prvi put spominju
Stecaks in the Municipality of Citluk
Kora？, Dijana,Mirkovi？, Ru？ica
- , 2018,
Abstract: Sa？etak The assumption that the total number of necropolis and stecaks in the municipality of Citluk differs from the number previously mentioned in literature has been confirmed by the revision. Namely, according to S. Beslagic's list, there are 32 sites in the municipality of Citluk with a total of 703 tombstones, whereas in the Archaeological Lexicon of Bosnia and Herzegovina there are 44 localities with 655 medieval tombstones found in this area. Field research in this area recorded 61 localities with 796 stecaks, but this number is certainly not final as, unfortunately, some necropolises have been neglected and could not be reached due to the inaccessible terrain. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, according to S. Beslagic's research, on 115 km there are approximately 100 stecaks in the area of this municipality, while according to our research, there are 439 stecaks. The cemeteries with less than 50 stecaks, make 5% of the total number. Several settlements of this municipality have only one locality with stecaks, while the largest number of localities is recorded in Vionica (8). More than 50 tombstones were recorded only in five settlements: Citluk (78), Krehin Gradac (157), Sluzanj (66), Veliki Ogradenik (58) and most in Vionica (171). Interestingly, more than 50% of these monuments is found in the neighbouring settlements of Krehin Gradac, Citluk and Vionica. Of 407 stecaks (about 51%), which could be measured on the terrain, the following forms were found: plate-shaped stecak (74), chest (217), chest with stand (4), tall chests with stand (3), gabled tombstone (16), gabled tombstone with stand (7), a unique example of two gabled tombstones on one stand, 2 crosses (one in combination with a slab and another in combination with a chest), one pillar (in combination with a chest), the amorphous (59) Roman spolias (10), and 7 stecaks of secondary use as water troughs and 6 built into walls. Decorative motifs are recorded on 104 stecaks, which makes about 13% of the total number of tombstones. There are 44 decorated chests, 2 chests with stand, 3 tall chests with stand, 26 slabs, 6 gabled tombstones, 6 gabled tombstones with stand, a unique example of two gabled tombstones on one stand, one cross in combination with a slab and one in combination with a chest, one pillar (combined with a chest), 11 sunk into the earth, and two in secondary use as troughs. There are 8 inscriptions found on the stecaks of Citluk municipality, 4 of which are recorded in the necropolis of Komlinovic, and the remaining 4 inscriptions are located in Cerin, Paoca, Gradnici, and
Processing and nanomechanical properties of chitosan/polyethylene oxide blend films
？oki？ Jelena D.,Kojovi？ Aleksandar,Stojanovi？ Du？ica,Marinkovi？ Aleksandar
Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society , 2012, DOI: 10.2298/jsc121121139d
Abstract: Chitosan based films have found an increasing implementation in variety of topics among which as drug delivery carriers, in packaging industry and as water puritication filters. Therefore, in order to achieve mechanical integrity of such films while preserving processability and biocompatibility, chitosan based films are fabricated in forms of blends with polyethylene oxide (PEO). Nanoindentation study is undertaken in order to investigate nanomechanical properties and surface morphology of chitosan films in blends with various content of PEO. Results of differential scanning calorimetry, water uptake and nanoindentation revealed that films with 80/20 blend ratio of chitosan/PEO showed the optimal values of reduced modulus and hardness. It appears that the incorporation of synthetic PEO in chitosan films could lower the manufacturing cost while preserving the mechanical integrity of the films. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. EUREKA E!5851]
Some considerations on evaluation of the acutely limping child
Mari？ Du？an M.,Petkovi？ Lazar D.,Toma？evi？ Vladimir,Mari？ Du？ica L.
Medicinski Pregled , 2004, DOI: 10.2298/mpns0408374m
Abstract: Introduction An acute limp implies an underlying pathology that causes disruption of the standard gait pattern. Diagnosis and history of disease The differential diagnosis of a limp includes trauma, infection neoplasia, inflammatory, congenital, neuromuscular or developmental disorders. History of disease and clinical examination present first steps in adequate evaluation. A useful approach is to consider the causes of limping from head to foot to avoid overlooking common underlying conditions. The age of patient can further narrow the differential diagnosis, because certain disease entities are age-specific. Laboratory analysis Laboratory analysis should always include complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimetation rate, C-reactive protein, rheumatic factor, PPD 3. In some cases we have to perform tests of enzyme values such as alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrgenase, and other subspecial analyses in order to exclude some systemic and autoimmune diseases. Radiologic diagnosis Radiologic diagnosis should include: ultrasonography (doppler ultrasonography and in some cases, arteriography); Plain films (always anteroposterior (AP) and profile or some special angle); computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion In this paper we suggested an algorhytm for examination of a limping child: 1. Analysis of foot morphology and the gait without socks and shoes. 2. Strength test including walking on toes and heels and running. 3. Evaluation of arthritis, stiffness, pain, skin changes. 4. Points of a maximum pain with ROM testing. 5. Traces of trauma with echimosis. 6. Evaluation of leg length discrepancy. 7. Muscle tonus. 8. Abdominal examination 9. Examination of the spine and back.
Antimicrobial activity of caraway, garlic and oregano extracts against filamentous moulds
Dimi？ Gordana R.,Koci？-Tanackov Sun？ica D.,Pejin Du？anka J.,Pejin Jelena D.
Acta Periodica Technologica , 2009, DOI: 10.2298/apt0940009d
Abstract: Inhibitory effect of caraway, garlic and oregano extracts (0.07, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2%), against four moulds species was investigated. The caraway extract had the strongest inhibitory effect by inhibiting the germination of Emericella nidulans, Penicillium commune and P. implicatum at the concentration of 0.1% and Aspergillus tamarii at the concentration of 0.5% during 7 days of incubation at 25oC. The extract of garlic only partially inhibited the growth of A. tamarii and P. commune. However, it inhibited completely the growth of P. implicatum and E. nidulans at the doses of 0.5 and 1%. Oregano partially inhibited all mould species, significantly reducing the growth of colonies, especially of E. nidulans (93.3%).
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